Between trust and legal certaint Motorcycle over-credit in the perspective of Sharia economic law - a case study in Pukul Village, Kraton, Pasuruan
Motorcycle over-credit in the perspective of Sharia economic law - a case study in Pukul Village, Kraton, Pasuruan
Keywords:
over-credit, sharia economic law, hawalah, gharar, motorcycle financing, maqashid al-shariahAbstract
The rapid expansion of motorcycle financing in Indonesia generated a widespread but legally ambiguous practice known as over-credit, in which instalment obligations and vehicle possession were transferred from an original debtor to a second party before the financing contract was fully settled, often without the financing institution's knowledge or consent. This study examined motorcycle over-credit in Pukul Village, Kraton, Pasuruan, and assessed it from the perspective of Sharia economic law. A qualitative case-study design was used, combining normative-empirical analysis of fiqh muamalah with semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation. Data were analysed using the Miles-Huberman-Saldaña interactive model and validated through source, technique, and time triangulation. The findings showed that the informal verbal arrangement did not fulfil the pillars of a valid hawalah, combined elements of bai' and wakalah without fully satisfying either contract, and created substantial gharar concerning ownership, liability, and dispute resolution, although antaradhin was present. The study concluded that such trust-based transfers formed an informal hybrid contract and required formal transfer mechanisms to strengthen legal certainty and property protection.
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