Tomato Growth and Production under Different Concentrations of Weed Extract-Based Biostimulant in Dry Season
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25047/tefa.v2i2.6120Keywords:
biosaka, drought stress, plant elicitor, plant height, the number of fruits, the number of leavesAbstract
Tomato farmers in Indonesia face challenges such as unpredictable weather conditions that can affect crop yields. Climatic stress, such as drought and heat, can have significant effects on plant growth. Plant Biostimulant have been shown to alleviate climatic stress in plants by modifying physiological processes and enhancing stress tolerance, ultimately improving crop growth and productivity. Recently, weed extract can serve as a biostimulant to improve growth and productivity of crops. This research aimed to determine the best concentration of weed extract-based biostimulant (WEBB) to increase tomato growth and production in dry season. The research was conducted on June to September 2024 in Tutul Village, Balung District, Jember Regency. The research used Randomized Block Design consisted of five levels of WEBB concentrations, i.e. 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 ppm. The concentration of WEBB at 1 ppm significantly increased early growth of stem and the number of leaves at 2 WAP by 16.39% and 39.02% respectively. The application of WEBB at 1–2 ppm also showed a significant increase in the number of fruits by 24.49% compared to control. This indicated that 1 ppm WEBB were effective in stimulating the early growth and fruit formation on tomato plant.
References
[1] W. Latif Mahmudi, A. Prasetyo, Suswadi, M. Ridyo Arum, and K. Prasetyowati, “Marketing Strategy Of Tomatoes (Solanum Lycopersicum Mill) Using Soar And Qspm Methods In The Argoayuningtani Farmers Group, Senden Village, Selo District Boyolali District,” J. Rural Urban Community Stud., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 74–82, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.36728/jrucs.v2i2.4017.
[2] H. Safira, I. Iskandarini, and S. F. Ayu, “Analysis of tomato farmer income increasing strategies in Karo District, Indonesia,” Eur. J. Soc. Sci. Stud., vol. 8, no. 6, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.46827/ejsss.v8i6.1508.
[3] J. Lipiec, C. Doussan, A. Nosalewicz, and K. Kondracka, “Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review,” Int. Agrophysics, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 463–477, Dec. 2013, doi: 10.2478/intag-2013-0017.
[4] I. Bhupenchandra et al., “Role of biostimulants in mitigating the effects of climate change on crop performance,” Front. Plant Sci., vol. 13, Oct. 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967665.
[5] Z. Ekin, “Integrated Use of Humic Acid and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria to Ensure Higher Potato Productivity in Sustainable Agriculture,” Sustainability, vol. 11, no. 12, p. 3417, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.3390/su11123417.
[6] H. S. M. El-Bassiouny, B. A. Bakry, A. A. El-Monem Attia, and M. M. Abd Allah, “Physiological Role of Humic Acid and Nicotinamide on Improving Plant Growth, Yield, and Mineral Nutrient of Wheat,” Agric. Sci., vol. 05, no. 08, pp. 687–700, 2014, doi: 10.4236/as.2014.58072.
[7] F. Rohman, A. Wachjar, E. Santosa, and S. Abdoellah, “Humic Acid and Biofertilizer Applications Enhanced Pod and Cocoa Bean Production during the Dry Season at Kaliwining Plantation, Jember, East Java, Indonesia,” J. Trop. Crop Sci., vol. 6, no. 03, pp. 153–163, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.29244/jtcs.6.03.153-163.
[8] H. I. Hussain, N. Kasinadhuni, and T. Arioli, “The effect of seaweed extract on tomato plant growth, productivity and soil,” J. Appl. Phycol., vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 1305–1314, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10811-021-02387-2.
[9] M. Pili, S. Wahid, and M. Husni, “Pengaruh pemberian biosaka dan vermikompos terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L),” vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 33–47, 2025.
[10] R. Elmiati, F. Ramona, and M. Habibillah, “Aplikasi biosaka sebagai subsitusi pupuk anorganik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai (Capsicum annum l.) ramah lingkungan,” J. Sci. Res. Dev., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 709–715, 2024.
[11] A. A. Prayitno, Sunawan, and N. Arfarita, “Pengaruh pemanfaatan biosaka dan pupuk npk terhadap pertumbuhan hasil tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir.),” J. Agronisma, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 46–58, 2013.
[12] S. Umam, R. Padjung, and J. Muh, “Toward Greener Harvests: Unveiling the Synergistic Effects of Biochar and Biosaka on Sweet Corn (Zea mays saccharata) Growth, Yield, and Physiology,” BIO Web Conf., vol. 158, pp. 1–11, 2025, doi: 10.1051/bioconf/202515803010.
[13] F. H. Schmidt and J. H. A. Ferguson, Rainfall Types Based on Wet and Dry Period Ratios for Indonesia with Western New Guinea. Jakarta (ID): Ministry of Transport, Meteorology and Geophysics Service, 1951.
[14] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Jember, Kabupaten Jember Dalam Angka 2025, vol. 44. Jember (ID): BPS Kabupaten Jember, 2025.
[15] V. K. Boken, A. P. Cracknell, and R. L. Heathcote, Monitoring and Predicting Agricultural Drought: A Global Study, vol. 5, no. 4. New York (US): Oxford University Press, Inc., 2005. doi: 10.2136/vzj2006.0134br.
[16] R. Bulgari, G. Franzoni, and A. Ferrante, “Biostimulants application in horticultural crops under abiotic stress conditions,” Agronomy, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 306, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.3390/agronomy9060306.
[17] M. Baltazar, S. Correia, K. J. Guinan, N. Sujeeth, R. Bragança, and B. Gonçalves, “Recent advances in the molecular effects of biostimulants in plants: an overview,” Biomolecules, vol. 11, no. 8, p. 1096, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.3390/biom11081096.
[18] J. Sosnowski, M. Truba, and V. Vasileva, “The Impact of Auxin and Cytokinin on the Growth and Development of Selected Crops,” Agriculture, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 724, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.3390/agriculture13030724.
[19] S. Ali and A. M. Baloch, “Overview of Sustainable Plant Growth and Differentiation and the Role of Hormones in Controlling Growth and Development of Plants Under Various Stresses,” Recent Pat. Food. Nutr. Agric., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 105–114, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.2174/2212798410666190619104712.
[20] Z. Lee et al., “Regulation of Flowering Time by Environmental Factors in Plants,” Plants, vol. 12, no. 21, p. 3680, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.3390/plants12213680.
[21] H. Wang et al., “Transcriptome Analysis of Flower Development and Mining of Genes Related to Flowering Time in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum),” Int. J. Mol. Sci., vol. 22, no. 15, p. 8128, Jul. 2021, doi: 10.3390/ijms22158128.
[22] R. Wang et al., “Determining the Relationship between Floral Initiation and Source–Sink Dynamics of Tomato Seedlings Affected by Changes in Shading and Nutrients,” HortScience, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 457–464, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI14753-19.
[23] P. du Jardin, “Plant biostimulants: Definition, concept, main categories and regulation,” Sci. Hortic. (Amsterdam)., pp. 1–12, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.021.
[24] O. I. Yakhin, A. A. Lubyanov, I. A. Yakhin, and P. H. Brown, “Biostimulants in Plant Science: A Global Perspective,” Front. Plant Sci., vol. 7, pp. 1–32, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02049.
[25] C. Andreotti, Y. Rouphael, G. Colla, and B. Basile, “Rate and Timing of Application of Biostimulant Substances to Enhance Fruit Tree Tolerance toward Environmental Stresses and Fruit Quality,” Agronomy, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 603, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.3390/agronomy12030603.
[26] Anuradha, R. Goyal, and C. Bishnoi, “Assimilate partitioning and distribution in fruit crops: A review,” J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 479–484, 2017.
[27] P. Calvo, L. Nelson, and J. W. Kloepper, “Agricultural uses of plant biostimulants,” Plant Soil, vol. 383, no. 1–2, pp. 3–41, Oct. 2014, doi: 10.1007/s11104-014-2131-8.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Fadil Rohman, Refa Firgiyanto, Gallyndra Fatkhu Dinata, Hanif Fatur Rohman, Edi Siswadi, M. Zayin Sukri, Anggita Rizqy Fadilah, Haikal Firdausi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
