Neraca Massa–Energi Konversi Limbah Kopi menjadi Pupuk Organik Cair (POC): Penilaian Gate to Gate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25047/jii.v25i3.6549Keywords:
limbah kopi, POC, neraca massa–energiAbstract
Limbah kopi berpotensi tinggi untuk divalorisasi menjadi pupuk organik cair (POC), namun kajian yang mengaitkan neraca massa–energi dengan mutu POC dan kepatuhan regulasi masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menyusun kerangka neraca massa–energi gate‑to‑gate untuk konversi limbah kopi menjadi POC (pencampuran–fermentasi–penyaringan), mengkuantifikasi rendemen POC, massa cake filtrasi, dan kehilangan air, serta menautkannya pada indikator kepatuhan Kepmentan 261/2019. Metode memisahkan aliran in–process–out per tahap dan menghitung penutupan massa; parameter mutu diukur/pedoman menurut praktik baku (TS; C‑organik via TOC/Walkley–Black; N total/organik via Kjeldahl; pH; mikrobiologi), sementara beban energi dievaluasi dari kerja listrik pengadukan/pompa dan panas laten penguapan. Studi kasus ilustratif menunjukkan tiga pengungkit utama: pengenceran, fraksi padatan yang lolos ke filtrat (θ), dan kadar air cake (MC_cake); ketiganya mengendalikan kompromi volume–konsentrasi (rendemen vs. TS/C‑organik). Pada operasi tanpa pemanasan, konsumsi energi didominasi pengadukan dan relatif rendah, sehingga efisiensi material lebih menentukan daripada efisiensi energi. Kerangka disertai templat perhitungan yang dapat direplikasi untuk analisis “what‑if” (setelan pengenceran/filtrasi) dan audit mutu per batch, membantu produsen kecil–menengah merancang proses yang konsisten, terdokumentasi, dan berpeluang memenuhi ambang Kepmentan 261/2019.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Aulia Brilliantina, Hanif Fatur Rohman, Irene Ratri Andia Sasmita, Findi Citra Kusumasari, Ahmad Haris Hasanuddin Slamet
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